Formula
LTV:CAC = (ARPU × Margin ÷ Churn) ÷ CAC · Payback = CAC ÷ (ARPU × Margin)
FAQ
Which lever is easiest to improve?
Usually churn — it raises LTV without any extra spend. CAC improvements depend on channel headroom; pricing raises both ARPU and often LTV at once.
Do these metrics work for annual plans?
Convert to monthly equivalents first (annual contract value ÷ 12). Consistency of units is what keeps the ratio meaningful.