Formula
Rate = Target Income ÷ (1 − Tax & Cost %) ÷ (Hours × Weeks)
FAQ
Why gross up for taxes?
As a freelancer you pay income tax, self-employment tax and business costs out of your rate. Quoting the net target without gross-up guarantees under-earning.
Should I charge hourly at all?
Hourly is simple and fair for open-ended work; fixed pricing captures more value on well-scoped projects. Many freelancers evolve toward value-based pricing.